Chapter 8 Royal Power and Conflict   1. What was the final result of the loss of the Spanish Armada?     A) the defeat of the Ottoman Turks at Lepanto     B) Spain's decline as a sea power     C) the revolt in Aragon     D) the raids by English "sea dogs" on Spanish ships   2. What did Cervantes' novel Don Quixote symbolize about Spain?     A) It was declining as a European power.     B) It was becoming a stronger European power.     C) It advocated expulsion of all non-Christians.     D) It was ready to become an isolated country from the rest of Europe.   3. What was the main motivation for Henry VIII's six marriages?     A) He wanted to defy the Pope.     B) He wanted to make political alliances.     C) He was trying to have a male heir.     D) He wanted to show that he had absolute power.   4. During Elizabeth I's reign, what were the two other countries with which she sought a balance of power?     A) Spain and the Netherlands     B) Ireland and Scotland     C) France and the Netherlands     D) France and Spain   5. Which two groups did Cardinal Richelieu feel had too much power?     A) the Estates-General and the army     B) the Huguenots and the nobles     C) the intendants and the Huguenots     D) the Catholics and the nobles   6. Which of the following did not happen under Louis XIV?     A) creation of a just tax system     B) construction of the Palace of Versailles     C) strengthening of France's army     D) sale of offices to nobles   7. The Thirty Years' War ______     A) began in Bohemia.     B) involved a conflict between Protestants and Catholics.     C) weakened Germany.     D) all of the above   8. As a result of the Seven Years' War, ______     A) Frederick the Great was able to seize power in Prussia.     B) Great Britain emerged as the strongest colonial empire.     C) France was able to name the Austrian successor to the throne.     D) Frederick William I created a permanent standing army.   9. Ivan the Terrible, an early czar, took extreme measures against ______     A) the boyars.     B) his own son.     C) his closest advisers.     D) all of the above   10. Of the following, which was an achievement of Peter the Great?     A) introduced a decentralized bureaucracy     B) made the Eastern Orthodox Church independent     C) won a warm-water port near the Baltic Sea     D) all of the above