Chapter 4:
The Structure of the Atom
Practice Test
1.
What is the name of the element that has an atomic number of 3?
a.
helium
b.
lanthanum
c.
lithium
d.
beryllium
Hint
2.
Which of the following is true for any atom?
a.
atomic number = number of neutrons = number of electrons
b.
atomic number = number of protons = number of electrons
c.
mass number = number of protons = number of neutrons
d.
mass number = number of protons = number of electrons
Hint
3.
What is the charge of an alpha particle?
a.
0
b.
2+
c.
1+
d.
1–
Hint
4.
What is the negatively—charged particle in an atom?
a.
electron
b.
positron
c.
neutron
d.
proton
Hint
5.
The four isotopes of a hypothetical element are identified below. What is the atomic mass of the hypothetical element?
a.
64.822 amu
b.
64.816 amu
c.
64.831 amu
d.
64.808 amu
Hint
6.
How is the atomic mass unit (amu) defined?
a.
1/14 the mass of a nitrogen-14 atom
b.
1/13 the mass of a carbon-13 atom
c.
1/16 the mass of an oxygen-16 atom
d.
1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom
Hint
7.
Which of the following is a correct statement about a neutral atom?
a.
Neutrons are present in the nucleus.
b.
The atom is radioactive.
c.
The atom has the same number of proton and electrons.
d.
The atoms carry a positive or a negative charge.
Hint
8.
What is the smallest particle of an element that maintains the properties of the element?
a.
atom
b.
mixture
c.
cation
d.
molecule
Hint
9.
Which of the following is not a fundamental particle in an atom?
a.
element
b.
neutron
c.
proton
d.
electron
Hint
10.
Which scientist determined that almost all of an atom’s mass of is located in its nucleus?
a.
Dalton
b.
Democritus
c.
Thomson
d.
Rutherford
Hint
11.
What is the name for the emission of rays and particles by a radioactive material?
a.
nuclear reactivity
b.
decay
c.
radiation
d.
radioactive series
Hint
12.
How do gamma rays differ from alpha particles and beta particles?
a.
Gamma rays and beta particles result in the formation of new atoms, but alpha particles do not.
b.
Gamma rays have mass, whereas alpha and beta particles do not.
c.
Alpha particle and beta particle emissions result in the formation of new atoms, whereas gamma ray emissions do not.
d.
Gamma rays and alpha particles result in the formation of new atoms, but beta particles do not.
Hint
13.
Which of the following particles has a mass that is almost the same as the mass of a proton?
a.
neutron
b.
electron
c.
beta particle
d.
positron
Hint
14.
What fundamental particle is identical to a beta particle?
a.
the neutron
b.
the positron
c.
the electron
d.
the proton
Hint
15.
Which of the following statements is correct?
a.
An electron is about 2000 times more massive than a proton.
b.
A proton is about 2000 times more massive than an electron.
c.
A neutron will always be found orbiting the nucleus.
d.
The nucleus is mostly empty space.
Hint
16.
What is the primary factor in determining an atom’s stability?
a.
alpha particle to beta particle ratio
b.
neutron to electron ratio
c.
neutron to proton ratio
d.
proton to electron ratio
Hint
17.
What is the charge of a beta particle?
a.
1–
b.
1+
c.
2+
d.
0
Hint
18.
An atom of an element contains eight electrons. What is the identity of this element?
a.
oxygen
b.
carbon
c.
fluorine
d.
nitrogen
Hint
19.
What isotope has seven protons and six neutrons?
a.
carbon-13
b.
carbon-7
c.
nitrogen-7
d.
nitrogen-13
Hint
20.
What is the charge of a gamma ray?
a.
1+
b.
1–
c.
0
d.
2+
Hint
